Nozzles - electromagnetic type. When voltage is applied (control pulse) on the injector winding, the needle valve of the injector opens and the fuel is sprayed under pressure into the intake ducts, where it mixes with the air sucked into the engine. The moment and duration of the injector opening is controlled by the engine control unit, which controls the injectors based on information received from the sensors of the engine management system. The moment when the control pulse is applied to the injectors is determined by the ECU according to the signals from the crankshaft position sensor. To calculate the duration of the control pulse, the ECU also uses information from the coolant temperature sensors, intake air temperature, air flow sensor and throttle position sensor. In addition, according to information from the sensor system, the ECU sends commands either to all injectors at once (simultaneous injection), or successively for each of them (sequential injection). Sequential injection is almost always carried out when the engine is running in normal mode, and simultaneous injection can be carried out when the engine is cranked over by the starter.
Pic. 2.249. Nozzle
Pic. 2.250. Connection diagram of injectors with ECU